For the electric furnace steelmaking, ingredients is related to whether the melting can smoothly operate andcost of the production. The reasonable ingredients can shorten melting time. Firstly it should carefully calculate correctly and accurate weighing the charge, next the size of the furnace charge should be fit proportionally. Thirdly various ingredients should meet the requirement of the process.
In electric furnace steelmaking, the composition of the charge directly affects both the smooth operation of the melting process and the production cost. A well-designed charge can reduce melting time. First, the charge must be carefully calculated and accurately weighed. Second, the size of the charge materials should be appropriately proportioned. Third, all components must meet the process requirements.
The content of major elements in the furnace charge should meet the following criteria:
Carbon Content
Carbon distribution should be determined based on three factors: carbon loss during the melting period, decarburization during the oxidation period, and carbon increase during the reduction period. When the charge is fully melted, the carbon content in the steel should be 0.3% to 0.4% higher than the lower limit of the finished product specification. However, excessive carbon levels should be avoided, as they may prolong the oxidation period and lead to overheating of the molten steel.
Silicon Content
The silicon content in the charge should generally not exceed 0.8%, as higher levels may delay the boiling of the molten steel.
Manganese Content
For general steel grades, manganese is not a primary consideration. After melting, the manganese content should typically be below 0.3%. Excessive manganese can delay the boiling of the molten steel.
Phosphorus and Sulfur Content
It is preferable to keep the phosphorus and sulfur content as low as possible. After melting, the phosphorus content should be less than 0.05%.
